Reference Style Guide

In-text citations:
Numeric numbering should be used for all citations in the text.

End-of-text citations:
Single-author article
Fukugawa N., 2022. Effects of the quality of science on the initial public offering of university spinoffs: evidence from Japan. Scientometrics, 127(8), pp: 4439-55.


Two-author article
Haunschild R. and Bornmann L., 2022. Relevance of document types in the scores’ calculation of a specific fieldnormalized indicator: Are the scores strongly dependent on or nearly independent of the document type handling?. Scientometrics, 127(8), pp: 4439-55.


Three-author article
Wheeler J., Pham NM., Arlitsch K. and Shanks JD., 2022. Impact factions: assessing the citation impact of different types of open access repositories. Scientometrics, 127(8), pp: 4439-55.


More than three authors article
Wheeler J., Pham NM., Arlitsch K. and Shanks JD., 2022. Impact factions: assessing the citation impact of different types of open access repositories. Scientometrics, 127(8), pp: 4439-55.


For translated Persian sources, the phrase [In Persian] must be included at the end of the source inside brackets.