1 2322-3081 Tarbiat Modares University 4708 Semiotique point of view in the story of "peace" According to Jacques fontanill Jalali Tahan Zahra b Khalilollahi Shahla c b M.A. student of Persian Language and Literature, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran c Assistant Professor of Persian Language and Literature, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran 1 3 2016 7 1 1 17 01 08 2014 21 10 2014 One of the main characteristics of the story in data direction is Speaker/writer method which is known as “viewpoint “. Data direction is the perspective to an object or person to become efficient by perusing a specific purpose. In semantics school of Paris based on Jacques fontanill theorem point views consists of four classes. The purpose of this research is to investigate a variety of viewpoints in the short story "peace" written by Majid Gheissari and its main issue is to answer the question “what is the application of each viewpoint for the recognition of characters, time and place in the enunciate which is done by taking notes and content analysis based on Jacques fontanill theorem. In this research we have presented how the enunciator has used all four viewpoints for identification and selecting view point according to the enunciator purpose is related to the Impact on enunciated.
2070 The Transition Process of Semantic Prosody to Connotation in Persian; A Synchronic Analysis Hosseini-Maasoum Seyed Mohammad d Ghiasian Maryam e Roshan Belgheis f Shahidi Ashraf sadat g d Associate Professor, Department of linguistics & foreign languages, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran e Assistant Professor in Linguistics, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran f Associate Professor in Linguistics and Foreign Languages, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran g Ph.D. student of linguistics, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran 1 3 2016 7 1 17 38 13 01 2014 10 03 2014 The process of language change is an inseparable feature of the inherent nature of every language. This change is so slow and delicate that it will be tangible for the native speakers only after a long time and in comparison with the past. A diachronic outlook of the language is especially beneficial here. The present research seeks to examine the transition process of (negative or positive) semantic prosody of some presently neutral Persian verb compounds into connotation. To this end, different researches on semantic prosody, connotation and their transformation in different languages and especially in English are reviewed and the same trend is traced in some verb compounds in Persian. Two corpora from two different historical periods (12th century and modern Persian) of language data were compiled and the semantic prosody of seven verb compound was established in the two. The results show that the semantic prosody of some of these compounds have changed from positive to negative over time and this negative semantic prosody in some of the compounds especially mojeb shodan (cause) is changing to negative connotation. 5120 Dialect Atlas and Measuring Dialect Distances in Hamedan Rostambeik Tafreshi Atoosa h h Assistant Professor in Linguistics, Linguistics department, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran 1 3 2016 7 1 39 58 15 07 2014 09 09 2014 This article aims at preparing the dialect atlas for southern half of Hamedan province and measuring the distance between dialects according to principles of dialectometry. Method: descriptive-analytic method is used. The data has been gathered from 15 locations through systematic random sampling, in 5 counties of Hamedan, using a questionnaire consisted of 149 words and phrases and 44 basic sentences derived from Swadesh basic concepts list.. 25 words claasified in four main catheories(nature, family, animals, time) have been chosen using random sampling method for this study. Findings: lexical varieties and their distributions have been shown in 5 location symbol Dialect Atlases. The degree of similarity and distance between different locations, the least and most frequent word forms, and the degree of lexical variation in all categories and all locations have been measured. Results: according to distance matrix and the resulted dendogram, the dialects have been classified into 9 groups. The dialect distance between locations 14 & 15 in Hamedan County is the least with lexical similarity of 60 percent. Locations 8 & 9 in Malayer County have also shown great amount of lexical similarity about 56 percent. Lexical similarity between dialects in Malayer and Nahavand are more than other counties. Lexical variation in “nature” category is the highest and in “animals” is the lowest.      5596 Checking the impact of indirect speech acts with interrogative constructions on the course of dialogue from the perspective of the Russian language Dastamooz Saeedeh i Mohammadi Mohammadraza j i Assistant Professor in Department of Russian, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran j Associate Professor of Russian, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran 1 3 2016 7 1 39 57 16 09 2014 18 11 2014 This study explained the impact of indirect speech acts with interrogative constructions on the course of dialogue from the perspective of the Russian language. Successful dialogue requires matching the intentions of communicants, that each of them has made its communicative purpose. Meanwhile addressee's statements are related speech acts, located entirely under the influence of the speaker's remarks. But sometimes, in the structure of the dialogue text are used constructions having a special purpose - to carry out the impact on the course of the dialogue. Interrogative sentences are actively used as a response cues in the dialogue, in this case they are indirect speech acts, since they were not used in their intended purpose - to ask a question. But are these proposals affect the course of the dialogue, or serve as a signal of communication failure? In this study indirect speech acts that have interrogative constructions assembled from National Corpus of Russian language and literature are analyzed in the course of the dialogue. In this research, which has functional descriptive approach, as a tool for discourse analysis was used the theory of Speech acts. The results of this study can be used to translate of indirect speech acts from Russian into Persian and vice versa. 8074 Phonotactics of Persian Words with the Syllable Structure (C)V.CVC(C) Kord-e Zafaranlu Kambuziya Aliyeh k Tajabadi Farzaneh l Esmailimatin Zahra m Khordbin Sara n k Associate professor of linguistics, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran l Ph.D. student of linguistics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran m Graduate student in linguistics, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran n Graduate student in linguistics, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran 1 3 2016 7 1 81 107 08 02 2014 11 06 2014 Issues concerning syllable structure, as well as the arrangement and configuration of the phonological units inside a syllable or out of it (i.e. the border of two syllables), are basically discussed within the domain of phonology. This article tries to shed a new light on the issue of syllable structure and phonotactics, on the basis of data from Persian Language. Given the fact that the structure of syllable in Persian is (C)V(C)(C), the present article tries to show if there is any difference between the phonotactics of an individual syllable with that of the same syllable when combined with other syllables, and also tries to find out if there is a significant relationship between the phonotactics of words and their parts of speech. In order to do so, 4075 bisyllabic words with the syllable structure (C)V.CVC(C) were collected from two Persian dictionaries were collected, and were tagged in terms of their types  as well as their parts of speech; and the phonotactics of each were determined. The results of this research show reveal that several factors such as the type of syllable nucleus and the coda of the syllable may turn out to be effective on the phonotactics of the adjacent syllable. Also, there seems to be a specific relationship between the syllabic structures of the words with their types and parts of speech.   9436 The properties of complex predicates derived from Arabic infinitives and their derivatives in modern Persian: Properties and constraints Cognitive morphology approach Karbalaei Sadegh Mahnaz o Golfam Arsalan p o Ph.D. Student of General Linguistics, Department of Linguistics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. p Associate professor of General Linguistics, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. 1 3 2016 7 1 109 128 30 08 2013 02 10 2013 In the present research the authors attempt to study the complex predicates derived from the Arabic infinitives and their derivatives by taking into consideration: the closeness of Persian to Arabic, their joint cultural and historical backgrounds in different eras and the borrowing of many words from Arabic in modern Persian to such an extent that today an outstanding part of many Persian words specially        non-verbal particles in complex predicates are dedicated to the Arabic loanwords. Regarding  the development and productivity of compounding as an active word formation process in Persian, which is considered as a salient typological property, this process has constantly been regarded from different approaches by Iranian and foreign linguists. Therefore, the purpose of this research is initially to investigate and delineate the formation process of the complex predicates which are derived from the Arabic infinitives and their derivatives, using the achievements of cognitive linguistics. Moreover, it examines the dominant constraints on such compounds. It's worth mentioning here that the analysis of chosen investigated verbs is based on the three theories of categorization, configuration and conceptualization which are theoretical fundamentals of cognitive morphology proffered by Hamawand (2011).   6170 Linguistic impoliteness patterns in Sayyadan Mahmoodi Bakhtiari Behrooz Salimiyan Somayye Associate professor of Department of Dramatic Arts, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran M.A. student of linguistics at Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran 1 3 2016 7 1 129 149 27 05 2014 24 09 2014 Politeness phenomenon is one of the subjects which have been observed by researchers of different domains , e.g. psychology, sociology and anthropology. Politeness has also been investigated in the area of pragmatics. One of the concepts following politeness is linguistic impoliteness. Different people such as Goffman (1967), Brown and Levinson (1987), Bousfield (2008), Culpeper (1996;2003;2011) and  Rudanko (1996) have worked on (im)politeness phenomenon. . In spite of the large amount of investigation on western culture, less research has been worked out on this notion in Persian. So, the aim of this study is investigating the function of this notion through describing it in  Sayyadan drama of  Ruye Sahneye Abi series written by Akbar Radi. The data was investigated through the five strategies proposed  by Jonathan Culpeper (1996; 2003) on linguistic impoliteness and the notions, e.g context, social norms and emotions, he added later in 2011. The most frequently  used strategy was positive impoliteness and the least used one was mock impoliteness. The synthetic ones were at the second level and negative impoliteness was at the fourth level. There was no withhold politeness among the‌ data. Finally, new cases were introduced.                                                                                                                      7919 Analysis of coherence and coordination of cohesion in “Maqameh Maziriyeh of"Badi'ozaman Hamadani Masboogh Seyyed Mehdi delshad Shahram Associate Professor of Department of Arabic Language and Literature Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. Ph.D. student of Arabic Language and Literature, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. 1 3 2016 7 1 151 172 16 01 2015 11 05 2015 With the development of modern linguistics courses High accuracy was outstanding literary studies. Writers on the theories of linguistics as a structured and systematic analysis of literary texts began. Halliday and Hassan's theory the theories of modern linguistics courses that fall within the role orientation. He speaks of the theory of integration of teaching should be a coherent text. R. Hassan" complete theory of Halliday and Hassan is an integrative theory of harmony. Authorities as one of the oldest forms of narrative some mythological stories and folklore, like other modern novel does not have the required consistency and form of writing is not organized. Although this is true to some extent and causes the target language to the people who did not pay attention to the consistency and coherence of the text. But amid some of the cohesion so that we are equal to the work of contemporary coherent narrative. This is the “Mqamh Mzyryh" Badi'ozaman Hamadan. In this paper, in light of the theory and the theory of R. Halliday and Hassan Hassan coherence and coordination of cohesion in Maqameh Mazyryeh be examined.  5757 A Stylistic Analysis of Some of Golestan Stories Using Halliday's Systemic Functional Linguistics Framework Mehrabi Masoume Zaker Arman Assistant Professor of Linguistics, University of Grand Ayatollah Boroujerdi, Lorestan, Iran assistant Professor of Linguistics, University of Grand Ayatollah Boroujerdi, Lorestan, Iran 1 3 2016 7 1 173 196 13 06 2014 13 09 2014 In this article Systemic Functional framework of Halliday has been used to investigate stylistically some of Golestan proses in order to answer these questions: What linguistic elements have been foregrounded in each story(chosen at random) and which experiential metafunction  has been   used   in each one? What is the reason of its application and does the  the metafunctions foreground  the content of the story? The hypothesis is that the contents of the stories are in a close relation to the linguistic forms used in each story. In other words, the content has been forgrounded in the form. After analyzing the data results showed that the writer's intended content is in accordance with the communicative experiential metafunction in terms of frequency of occurance, but significant differences are recognizable only when the total number of verbs is bigger meaning that the story is longer.                     6657 Working Memory in regard to Persian and Chinese words for Persian Learners of Chinese Mirdehghan Mahin-Naz Nejati Vahid Ganjian golnaz Associate Professor of Linguistics, Faculty of Letters and Humanities, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Assistant Professor of Psychology, martyr Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran M.A. in Linguistics, martyr Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran 1 3 2016 7 1 197 213 08 02 2014 05 10 2014 The present research is aimed to evaluate the working memory (WM) in Persian words (as a L2) in comparison to it in Chinese words (as L1) in Chinese Persian learners. Thirty learners at Dehkhoda institute were chosen as the study sample. Sampling has been relied on the available subjects who took part in the visual n-back task which was specifically designed to measure WM. The participants had to press the congruent key (predetermined number 1) if the stimulus was the same as the one presented just before, and pressed incongruent key (number 2) if it was not. Then they took part in the stroop test. In psychology, the Stroop effect is a demonstration of interference in the reaction time of a task. the stroop test here included 40 stimuli- a pseudorandom selection of 20 Persian words and 20 Chinese words, selected among four main color which was written with incongruent ink. The participants had to press the key predetermined the color of the word- not ink-. Accordingly, the score of their WM “accuracy”, WM “mean respond time”, attention bias “accuracy” and attention bias “mean respond time” have been calculated separately for both languages and compared with paired samples T test. Results illustrate a meaningful difference between L1 and L2 among the selective attention mean respond time, WM accuracy and WM mean respond time, and didn’t illustrate meaningful diference between L1 and L2 among selective attention accuracy. 11063 Obligatory Adjuncts in Persian Vaezi Hengameh Assistant Professor of Linguistics, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Gilan, Iran 1 3 2016 7 1 215 235 27 04 2014 18 10 2014 This paper will examine (non) presence of obligatory adjuncts in predication and modification constructions in Persian language. The aim is to show that adjuncts are not optional as opposed to the previous thoughts. They are necessary for some conversational utterances The hypothesis is the predication and modifications following pragmatic considerations and focal requirement can be understood better. However, the comprehensive and uniform explanation is not achieved by grammatical and event-based analysis. The presense of obligatory adjuncts are necessary to satisfy focal requirement. On the basis of focal requirement, every utterance must contain a focus, and provide new information to the addressee in discourse context. This focal requirement can be satisfied through various factors; one of them is obligatory adjuncts. This pragmatic constraint derived from Grice's maxim of Quantity or Horn's R -principle. This study displays that the main motivation of  the presence of obligatory adjuncts is focal requirement. So every utterance must be informative.  Utterances normally need a successful focus that conveys something asserted. Thus the predications(short passives) and modifications  with obligatory adjuncts can be understood better in discourse context.                    7412 An Investigation into the Validity of the Iranian Ph.D. Admission English Proficiency Test: An Assessment Use Argument Approach Hamavandy Mehraban Kiany Gholam Reza Ghafar Samar Reza Akbari Ramin Ph.D. Candidate of TEFL, English Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Associate Professor of TEFL, English Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Associate Professor of TEFL, English Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Assistant Professor of TEFL, English Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran 1 3 2016 7 1 237 251 03 05 2014 16 06 2014 Assessment of the English proficiency of applicants of entry into postgraduate studies, undeniably, is of utmost importance. Nationally speaking, the current status of the English test administered by the National Organization of Educational Testing (NOET) in Iran has been a topic of heated contention in recent years. This study purports to investigate the validity of the Iranian English proficiency test for Ph.D. admission purposes adopting the assessment use argument as the main framework for its validation research. To this end, the required data were collected from the relevant stakeholders of the test, namely applicants of the test, experts in educational assessment and language testing, and test readiness instructors. Structured interviews and focus groups were conducted and the acquired data were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis approach. Most prominent themes that emerged from the data in addition to a number of relevant representative quotes constituted the major findings of this study. The results revealed that the test is in need of major revisions in some parts, and further modifications are deemed as necessary. In the final section, summary of the results along with suggestions for optimization of the test are put forth. Keywords: Iranian Ph.D. admission English proficiency test, test validation, assessment use argument