The Evaluation of pragmatic Skills of Brain Damaged Adult Persian–Speaking Patients

Document Type : مقالات علمی پژوهشی

Authors
1 Ph.D in linguistics. Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Encyclopedia Compiling Research Center. Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor in TEFL, Imam Sadiq University, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate pragmatic skill of adult right and left hemispheres damaged Persian speaking patients using the Persian version of the Montreal Protocol for the Evaluation of Communication (M.E.C.). The statistical populations of the study were 10 adults, right and left hemispheres damaged Persian speaking patients due to cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Two sets of tests were used in the present study. The first ones were screening tests included Lateral Preference Inventory (Corn test), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Persian Diagnostic Aphasia Battery (EQ1). The Performance of patients in protocol subtests were evaluated and compared with each other individually, intragroup and intergroup. Data were analyzed using inferential statistical methods and no meaningful relations were found between them. These findings indicated that damage to the right and left hemispheres of the brain leads to pragmatic impairments. However, damages to the right hemisphere increases the severity of pragmatic impairments more than damages to the left hemisphere.

Keywords

Subjects


رقیب‌دوست، شهلا، مدرسی‌تهرانی، یحیی، فره، پرین، اسکا، برندت، کوته، الن و ژوانت، ایوز. پروتکل ارزیابی مهارت‌های ارتباطی مونترال (ام. ای. سی). (در دست انتشار).
سیدیان، مازیار، فلاح، مهتاب، نوروزیان، مریم، نجات، سحرناز، دلاور، علی و قاسم‌زاده، حبیب‌الله. (۱۳۸۶). تهیه و تعیین اعتبار نسخه فارسی آزمون کوتاه وضعیت ذهنی. مجله علمی سازمان نظام پزشکی جمهوری اسلامی ایران. ۲۵(۴)، ۴۱۴-۴۰۸.
ترابی، محمد‌حسن. (۱۳۹۸). ارزیابی مهارت‌های زبانی بیماران آسیب‌دیده مغزی نیمکره راست فارسی‌زبان بر پایه پروتکل ارزیابی مهارت‌های ارتباطی مونترال (ام. ای. سی.) (رساله دکتری). پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی، تهران.
ولی‌تبارکراتی، زهرا، جازم، فاطمه، علی‌محمدی، زهره و قریشی، زهرا سادات. (۱۳۹۸). مروری بر ابزارهای ارزیابی مهارت کاربردشناسی زبان در بزرگسالان دارای آسیب نیمکره راست پس از سکته یا ضربه مغزی. مجموعه مقالات هفدهمین همایش گفتار درمانی ایران، تهران: انجمن علمی گفتاردرمانی ایران.
Brinton, B., Fujiki, M., Loeb, D .F., & Winkler, E. (1986). Development of conversational repair strategies in response to requests for clarification. Journal of Speech & Hearing Research, 29(1), 75–81.
Champagne, M., Desautels, M. C., & Joanette, Y. (2004). Lack of inhibition could contribute to non-literal language impairments in right-hemisphere-damaged individuals. Brain and Language, 91, 172–174.
Champagne-Lavau, M., & Joanette, Y. (2009). Pragmatics, theory of mind and executive functions after a right-hemisphere lesion: Different patterns of deficits. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 22(5), 413–426.
Champagne-Lavau, M., Cordonier, N., Bellmann, A. & Fossard, M. (2018). Context processing during irony comprehension in right frontal brain-damaged individuals. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 32(8), 721-738.
Chantraine, Y., Joanette, Y., & Cardebat, D. (1998). Impairment of discourse-level representations and processes. In Stemer, B. & Whitaker, H. A. (Eds). Hand book of neurolinguistics, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Chapey, R., & Hallowell, B. (2008). Language intervention strategies in aphasia and related neurogenic communication disorders. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins.
Coren, S. (1993). The lateral preference inventory for measurement of handedness, footedness, eyedness, and earedness: Norms for young adults. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 31(1), 1-3.
Diaz, M. T., & Hogstrom, L. J. (2011). The influence of context on hemispheric recruitment during metaphor processing. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 23(11), 3586-3597.
Fromkin, V., Rodman, R., & Hyams, N. (2003). An introduction to language (7th ed.). Massachusetts: Thomson.
Gibbs, R. W. (1999). Interpreting what speakers say and implicate. Brain and Language, 68(3), 466–85.
Holtgraves, T. (2012). The role of the right hemisphere in speech act comprehension. Brain and Language, 121(1), 58-64.
Klooster, N., McQuire, M., Grossman, M., McMillan, C., Chatterjee, A., & Cardillo, E. (2020). The neural basis of metaphor comprehension: Evidence from left hemisphere degeneration. Neurobiology of Language, 1(1), 474–491.
Lee, S. H., Lim, J., & Hwang, M. (2009). Metaphor comprehension in adults with right-hemisphere brain damage: Some effects of task presentation conditions. Communication Sciences & Disorders, 14(4), 484-494.
Loukusa, S., Leinonen, E., Kuusikko, S., Jussila, K., Mattila, M. L., Ryder, N., Ebeling, H., & Moilanen, I. (2007). Use of context in pragmatic language comprehension by children with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism. Autism Developmental Disorder, 37(6), 1049-1059.
Mancopes, R., & Schultz, F. (2008). Processing of metaphors in transcortical motor aphasia. Dementia & Neuropsychologia, 2(4), 339–348.
Myers, P. S., & Brookshire, R. H. (1995). Effects of noun type on naming performance of right-hemisphere-damaged and non-brain-damaged adults. Clinical Aphasiology, 23, 195–206.
Pantsiou, K. (2016). Pragmatics and Aphasia: A case study. Front. Psychol. Conference Abstract: 54th Annual Academy of Aphasia Meeting. Llandudno, United Kingdom.
Parola, A., Gabbatore, I., Bosco, F. M., Bara, B. G., Cossa, F. M., Gindri, P., & Sacco, K. (2016). Assessment of pragmatic impairment in right hemisphere damage. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 39, 10–25.
Soroker, N., Kasher, A., Giora, R., Batori, G., Corn, C., Gil, M., & Zaidel, E. (2005). Processing of basic speech acts following localized brain damage: A new light on the neuroanatomy of language. Brain Cogn. 57(2), 214-217.
Stemmer, B., Giroux, F., & Joanette, Y. (1994). Production and evaluation of requests by right hemisphere brain-damaged individuals. Brain and Language, 47(1), 1–31.
Vanhalle, C., Lemieux, S., Joubert, S., Goulet, P., Ska, B., & Joanette, Y. (2000). Processing of speech acts by right hemisphere brain-damaged patients: An ecological approach. Aphasiology, 14(11), 1127–1141.
Weylman, A. T., Brownell, H., Roman, M., & Gardner, H. (1989) appreciation of indirect requests by left- and right brain-damaged patients: The effects of verbal context and conventionality of wording. Brain and Language, 36(4), 580–591.

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 13 July 2025