Showing 163 results for Color
Volume 1, Issue 2 (2-2009)
Abstract
Today’s study of the common effect condition on color revolution in target countries is one of the important issues on political sociology. In this paper, we used the John Stewart Mill’s method for finding the common cause factors. These factors are social movement, civil institutions, political culutres in societies, structures, national and international situation of government and hegemony power inventing. They have an important role in the of achievement color revolution.
In this paper, we used new social movement theories, mass public behavioral theories and revolution theories through comparative analysis of the most important factors in color revolution on target countries. Then we compared the same factors in the condition of Iranian society.
The results indicated that Iranian society suffers for the following: miss trust, lock of team work behavior, weakness of civil institutions development, incomplete modernization expeperience, and lack of preparedness for accepting the structural changes. Also, due to lack of strong opposition power and other factors, the probability of color revolution in Iran is very weak.
Volume 1, Issue 2 (12-2003)
Abstract
Attention was paid to color as the most important element in the realm of perceptible world in the human life from ancient times ,that charmed his spirit and is basically the cause of decorating world and demonstrates the might of worlds skillful painter. Nowadays , as many of literary and artistic prominent of the world opinion , color is the most important element in appearing artistic creativity . since a poem is the selection of words , or in concise form , it is a kind of drawing with words , the selection of colors can not be ineffective in a poets artistic activity spectrum . In fact , the conscious or unconscious selection of any color by a poet , reveals his attitude towards the universe and its phenomena.
Paying attention to the frequency of the color-related word in any poets works , can make us aware of the poets manners and his moral characteristics , and the underlying layers of his theology . in this essay , by considering the lexical frequency of words, through a more scientific method , we have tried to find some new points about S.Sepehris manners and his features.
Volume 2, Issue 2 (9-2021)
Abstract
Aims: Applying micro-nano structure and biocompatibility methods and technology to produce mortar containing coloured ceramic pigment is a step towards beautiful landscape and urban development.
Methods: The research method is a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis. First, from the analytical-exploratory process, especially in the field of urban planning, and in the field of materials and metallurgy, from the development method, and finally for collecting and analysing information and achievements experimentally (all experimentally), the research reaches numerical results and finally by interpreting qualitative results. Moreover, a little, the research conclusion came to an end.
Findings: Based on the experimental results and the acceptable result of the tests related to the mortar containing micro-nano ceramic pigments that have compressive strength and permeability in cement without additives, the durability of the proposed materials is acceptable. Materials are sustainable in terms of urban development with economic, social, ecosystem benefits, and due to the diversity of colours, these materials are also used in the beautiful landscape.
Conclusion: Eventually, it concluded that using methods and micro-nano structured and biocompatible materials to produce mortar containing ceramic pigment (with coloured ceramic cement) can be a step towards a beautiful landscape urban development.
Volume 2, Issue 7 (6-2005)
Abstract
Akbari.M.,PH.D.
Fazaeli.H.
Abstract:
For a short period, Afghanistan was a republic (1973-1978) and was then taken over by a communist regime. This new regime apart from being influential on a political level also left a deep imprint on culture and literature. During the regime’s early political life, the influence was more destructive than constructive. Everything was interpreted in order to serve the communist goals. Red, which was the color and symbol of socialist countries (including the former Soviet :union: and Communist China), made its way into Afghani literature in a very radical manner. Everyone, regardless of their social strata as well as the intelligentsia reacted to this excessiveness, a phenomenon reflected in the poems of Leila Sarahat.
In addition, Russian literature, such as the works of Pushkin and Dostoyevsky left a palpable impression on the literary culture. In the beginning the Russian novels were introduced through translation done by Iranian writers, subsequently the work of translation was taken over by Afghanis themselves
In its later political years, the communist regime of Afghanistan tried to make a compromise and opened its political and cultural scene, which contributed to the growth and development of various cultural activities. It can also be said that the communist regime helped create cultural change and new literary trends outside Afghanistan itself, a literature of resistance, a literature of the Afghan Diaspora.
Volume 3, Issue 1 (6-2013)
Abstract
This research is conducted on the basis of the relational view of competitive advantage. In this view, competitive advantages are created by not only corporate-level resources but by inimitable capacities and mixed into dynamic relations. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze and quantify the impact of external social capital dimensions on organizational competitive advantage. For this purpose, after an extensive study of literature, the initial conceptual model was designed. The questionnaires were distributed among senior executives and board members of Color and Resin Company and 64 questionnaires were returned and the data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, inferential analysis and Structural Equation Modeling. Results show that the size of a firm impacts innovation and external social capital significantly affects the organizational competitive advantage. Also, structural dimension of external social capital is the most effective among the dimensions of competitive advantage, and strategic flexibility dimension is the most impressible dimension of external social capita. Additionally, the cognitive dimension of external social capital has the minimal impact on competitive advantage. It seems that the warm personal relationships, business relationships and working closely with many diverse groups and work teams in complex industrial organization are the most important tools for achieving the desired organizational results.
Volume 3, Issue 2 (6-2014)
Abstract
Willow leaf beetle, Plagiodera versicolora is an important pest of willow trees that feeds on the leaves both as larvae and as adults. -Amylases (EC 3.2.1.1) are the major insect digestive enzymes that catalyze the endohydrolysis of long -1,4-glucan chains such as starch and glycogen. In the current study, -amylase activity was studied in the midgut of larvae and adults of P. versicolora. Amylase activity in the midgut of larvae and adults was 0.6807 and 0.1162 µmol/min/mg protein, respectively. The optimal pH for -amylase activity of larvae and adults was 4 and 8, respectively and the optimal temperature for both was 35 °C. The enzyme activity of larvae was inhibited by the addition of Na2+, K+ and Zn2+. K+ (at 5 mmol) had the most positive effect on α-amylase activity in adults. EGTA had significant influence on decreasing the enzyme activity in larvae. EDTA had the most effect on increasing the activity of the enzyme in adults. Plant amylase inhibitors play important role against insect pests. Therefore, the characterization of digestive enzymes and the examination of inhibitors on the enzyme activity could be useful in tackling insect pests.
Volume 3, Issue 2 (6-2014)
Abstract
Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata is one of the major insect pests of potato. Toxicity of spinosad, as a bio-rational insecticide, was investigated against various developmental stages of this pest. Bioassays were conducted by using the eggs, neonates, first, second, third and fourth instar larvae and adults. The potato leaves were impregnated with different concentrations of spinosad and applied for the adults and different larvae bioassays. The eggs were tested through dipping its masses into the insecticide solutions. LC50 values of neonates, first, second, third and fourth instar larvae and unsexed adults after 24 hours were 2.06, 3.19, 4.75, 6.46, 20.24 and 11.97 ppm (of commercial formulation), respectively. Results show that spinosad did not possess any ovicidal effects and the fourth instar larvae and neonates were the most tolerant and the most susceptible stages, respectively. Susceptibility of the neonates (up to 24 hrs after hatching) was significantly higher than that of first instar larvae (24-48 hrs after hatching). Developmental stages of Colorado potato beetle responded differentially to this insecticide. Since the control of L. decemlineata mostly relies on early season measures against the most susceptible stage(s), by considering no ovicidal effect, our results propose a limited interval, for avoiding the highly tolerant larvae.
Volume 3, Issue 2 (5-2017)
Abstract
Tinea versicolor (TV) is a common superficial fungal infection of the skin, characterized by scaling and mild disturbance of the skinpigmentation. It typically affects the chest, upper back, and shoulders. However, the involvement of more unusual regions of the body such as the face and scalp, arms and legs, genitalia, groin and palms and soles has been reported. This report is a case of groin TV caused by Malassezia furfur affecting a 25-year-old man in Iran. After sampling, direct smears with 15% Potassium hydroxide (KOH) and staining with methylene blue were prepared. In direct microscopic examination, budding yeast cells with typical scar and short curved mycelium were observed. To identifying the strains of M. furfur, differential tests and culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar and mDixon agar media were performed. The clinician must be aware of these variations in the location of TV and perform an appropriate diagnostic workup when lesions have the morphological characteristics of TV despite an unusual location.
Volume 3, Issue 6 (11-2015)
Abstract
In modern psychology, “colors” are considered among the standards for evaluating personalities. They could be regarded a great and significant source for subjective readings and the analysis of mental characteristics, both national and ethnical. From the psychology of the applied colors in different literary works in every ethnicity, delicate and spectacular points could be gained and in this way, a bridge, about the characteristics of the same people between psychology knowledge and folklore literature could be created. In this article, along with studying the aesthetical and artistic characteristics of the love songs of Talesh ethnicity, we try to analyze its colors with the eight functional colors of Max Lüscher’s color tests in order to realize some of the psychic-mental characteristics of the people of this region (Talesh) from the words of the unknown composers of their songs. The research method is descriptive-analytic, and the information gathering method is both field- and library- based. In this study around 50 Taleshian love songs in which different kinds of colors are used, from the most frequent colors to the least used ones, were analyzed. The results indicated the psychic-mental characteristics of the people of the region in exposing beliefs and emotions, pressures, sensibilities, disappointments, joys, etc
Volume 3, Issue 10 (10-2006)
Abstract
The main objective in sugar industry is to remove the colorants and other non-sucrose compounds in order to obtain thin sugar juice with high purity and quality. The aim of this research was to study the potential of ultrafiltration process and its operational conditions (process time, transmembrane pressure & temperature) on improving the purification and de-colorization performance of thin sugar beet juice. Experimental data was obtained using the pilot plant UF membrane system equipped to a spiral wound module and a polysulfone amide membrane with MWCO 20kD. In this work, the effect of transmembrane pressure (at levels of 1, 2 & 3 bar), process temperature (at levels of 30, 40 & 50oC) and operation time (at levels of 15, 30 and 45 minutes) on the purification indexes in sugar industry (Brix, polarization, purity, hardness & color) has been investigated. The results showed that the increase of duration of UF process decrease the separation degree of CaO content and turbidity, whereas the purity ratio and color removal increased for the same condition. It was found that increasing process temperature led to decrease the separation degree of CaO content, turbidity and color removal, however the purity ratio increased in this case. Increasing transmembrane pressure also improved the separation performance of non-sucrose compounds for all the UF conditions studied. The trials displayed satisfactory separation with an average purity rise of 0.72 unit, 7.2% lower CaO content, 72.5 % lower turbidity and 12.62 % lower color in the permeate.
Volume 4, Issue 1 (6-2015)
Abstract
The effects of cooking methods on sensory attributes and physical properties (firmness, normal shear, cooking loss and color based on L*, a* and b*) of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillet was investigated. The study was based on application of autoclavingat 120 °C for 5 and 10 minutes, deep frying of the flour coated fillet at 180 °C for 2 and 5 minutes and microwaving at 600 watt for 2, 4 and 6 minutes. Cooking loss significantly differed among the cooking methods, the highest of which occurred in 6 minute microwaved treatment. The highest and the least color changes were, respectively, recorded in coated fillet fried for 5 minute and for 2 minute microwaved fillet treatment. In terms of normal shear results, control and 2 minute fried fillet treatment had the hardest tissue, respectively. Also the penetrate tests revealed a significant difference between control and other treatments (p< 0.05) as the hardest tissue was the one that fried for 5 minute and the softest one was the control. However, the highest score was allocated to the fried and 6 minute microwaved treatments by the panelists. Based on the sensory evaluation, fillet fried for 5 minute was found as a preferred cooking method.
Volume 4, Issue 3 (9-2015)
Abstract
Nutritional indices of the willow leaf beetle, Plagiodera versicolora Laicharting, third instar larvae and adults were studied on four host plants including Salix alba L., Salix aegyptica L., Populus caspica Bornm.and Populus alba L.at 22 ± 2 ºC, 70 ± 10% R.H., and a photoperiod of 16:8 h (L: D). The results showed that the highest consumed food by the larvae and adults (148.5 ± 18.0 and 175.21 ± 4.51 mg dry weight, respectively) was on P. caspica. The larvae fed on S. alba and S. aegyptica had the highest efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) (2.3 ± 0.33 and 2.23 ± 0.67%, respectively) and efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD) (2.5 ± 0.35 and 2.41 ± 0.72%, respectively). Approximate digestibility (AD) of larvae was the highest on P. caspica and P. alba (98.51 ± 0.25 and 98.14 ± 0.1%, respectively). The lowest relative consumption rate (RCR) of the larvae and adults was on S. alba (0.14 ± 0.001 and 0.13 ± 0.006 mg/mg/day, respectively). ECI and ECD values of the adults fed on various host plants were not significantly different. Adults fed on P. caspica had the highest values of RCR (0.59 ± 0.01 mg/mg/day), relative growth rate (RGR) (0.02 ± 0.008 mg/mg/day) and AD (98.72 ± 0.24%). These results demonstrated the higher feeding performance of the willow leaf beetle on P. caspica and its poorer performance on P. alba.
Volume 4, Issue 4 (2-2024)
Abstract
Problem: Factors such as the change in the emotional connection of humans with the urban space, events and places, have led to the reduction of place attachment and the aggravation of its consequences in Tehran.
Target: In this research, analysis of key criteria affecting the use of color palettes as an important factor in the identification and improvement of the spatial attachment of urban spaces in Tehran has been considered.
authors try to redefine the importance and significance of the urban public arts event in urban spaces, identify the feasibility of performing street music in social environments. The green corridor of Shahrchai and the Khayyam Jonubi sidewalk of Urmia city have been studied.
Method: Interpretive Phenomenological Approach (IPA) is used as a qualitative approach, which aims to provide detailed reviews of the personal life experience of the color perception of the city, and the key criteria affecting the use of the palette. Color schemes are presented in spatial correlation in the framework of causal layered analysis (CLA). Due to the limitation of available samples, a targeted non-random sample was used to identify eleven people with conditions to identify and analyze the approaches and criteria.
Result: The findings of the research showed that the criteria of color preferences, spatial context, citizens' participation, mental image, color perception in the decision-making and urban management system are among the most important criteria affecting the subject of the research. The importance of using color in promoting attachment is influenced by the environmental context, which can lead to the observance of principles such as the presence of citizens in the context of participation. In order to improve the situation of spatial attachment in connection with the color palettes of Tehran metropolis, strategies have been presented in the fields of urban management and design, citizens' participation, and creativity and innovation.
Volume 5, Issue 1 (3-2016)
Abstract
Abstract: Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say),is the most important insect pest of potato in Iran. If local potato varieties vary in susceptibility to the pest, host plant resistance may provide management benefits to potato growers. A life table study was carried out to determine the relative suitability of four common potato varieties (Agria, Marfona, Savalan and Satina) for CPB development and reproduction in northwest Iran under laboratory conditions at 23 ± 3 ºC, 62 ± 10% RH, and natural photoperiod. Developmenttime and hence generation time was longest on Savalan (31.07 ± 0.48 d and 42.72 ± 0.71 d respectively) and shortest on Agria (27.8 ± 0.65 d and 35.99 ± 0.8 d respectively). Juvenile mortality was highest (47.5%) on Satina and lowest (22.5%) on Marfona. Intrinsic rates of increase (r) were 0.129 ± 0.005, 0.127 ± 0.005, 0.129 ± 0.006 and 0.104 ± 0.004, on Agria, Marfona, Satina and Savalan, respectively, that on Savalan being significantly lower than the others.The highest net reproductive rate was 145.26 ± 25.23 on Marfona and the lowest was 81.18 ± 2.71 on Savalan which was not significantly different among the cultivars. It seems that, among the four tested cultivars, the Savalan cultivar is less suitable to CPB, resulting in the poorest overall biological performance of the beetle, but the level of resistance did not appear sufficient to negate the need for other control methods.
Volume 5, Issue 1 (3-2016)
Abstract
Rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. is a major constraint to soybean product in Asia. Early detection and possibilities of controlling plant diseases by the integration of several image processing methods has been the subject of extensive research. The main contribution of this paper is to present different methodologies for quantitatively detecting soybean rust at each stage of disease development, identify disease even before specific symptoms become visible and grade based on percentage of disease severity. Severity of rust infection levels at each stage of disease development was observed for 25 days on soybean leaf. Then color distribution and pixel relationship in rust infected leaf image was calculated based on global and local features for quantifying rust severity. Further, rust disease was categorized into grades based on infection severity levels and percentage disease index (PDI) was calculated. The maximum PDI of 95.5 was observed at 25th day and minimum PDI of 0.2 was observed at 6th day.
Volume 5, Issue 16 (4-2008)
Abstract
In this study, changes in color index (CI), refractive index (RI) and viscosity in a range of commonly frying oils during frying process were investigated, and their performance compared to the carbonyl value (CV) as a reference method in monitoring of the quality of frying oils was evaluated. It was observed that the CI of the frying oils linearly increased with frying time. The initial CI of frying oils was 0.36±0.15 on average, and it reached 1.73±0.24 after 48 h of the frying process. The CI had a linear relationship with the CV with a high determination coefficient, R2 = 0.97, during the frying process. Assuming that the limit of acceptance for the CV is 43.50 µmol/g, this roughly corresponded to 1.12 for the CI. As the oxidation accelerated by heat proceeded, the value of RI linearly increased. On average, the RI of the frying oils changed from 1.468313±0.00051 (0 h) to 1.469671±0.00032 (48 h). The RI of the frying oils showed a high correlation with the CV (R2 = 0.94). Assuming that the maximum level permitted for the CV is 43.50 µmol/g, the RI of a frying oil should be ≤ 1.469075. Viscosity of the frying oils at 30 °C increased with time and changed from 45.11±13.84 mPa s (0 h) to 75.03±12.47 mPa s (48 h) on average. There was a strong correlation (R2 = 0.96) between the viscosity and CV of the frying oils. If 43.50 µmol/g of CV is the maximum level permitted in frying oils, viscosity of a frying oil should be ≤ 74.78 mPa s at 30 °C.
Volume 6, Issue 1 (6-2022)
Abstract
Abstract
Research subject: In recent years, toner-based printers have found many applications for ease of use, economical, high speed and quality. Therefore, many attempts have been made to produce toner by various methods such as suspension polymerization and emulsion aggregation. But in all these methods, despite the proper color properties and particle size, the reaction conversion is low.
Research approach: In the present study, in situ emulsion polymerization method based on styrene and butyl acrylate monomers in the presence of carbon black has been used to produce toner with a conversion above 75%. In this regard, the effect of polymerization reaction temperature and stirrer speed on conversion at different times, particle size and particle size distribution, thermal and color properties of the final product were investigated. Color measurement was performed to evaluate the color characteristics. Also, the microstructure of the synthesized toners was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy.
Main results: The results show that in situ emulsion polymerization method while having the proper conversion of the reaction in the range of 75-90% is well able to create the suitable color characteristics and particle size distribution for the toner. All toners produced had a particle size distribution and a spherical shape that was unaffected by the reaction temperature and stirrer speed. By increasing the polymerization temperature from 70℃ to 80℃, resulted in a higher conversion, but the increase in stirrer speed had a dual effect on the conversion. Sticking of spherical particles with each other was observed by increasing the temperature to 90℃. The sudden addition of a monomers to the reaction media and using batch process resulted in the observation of two glass transition temperatures. This type of toner synthesis can be a guide for future research to produce toner with the highest conversion.
Hamid Reza Shairi, Ebrahim Kanaani,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (5-2015)
Abstract
In this study, semiotic functions of color and light have been investigated and analyzed in “Chinese and Romans discourse on painting and portraying” chosen from the first volume of Masnavi. In this discourse, introducing his phenomenological point of view, Mowlana tries to demonstrate how democratic aspect of oriental mysticism is crystalized. Thus the main question of this study is how and under which circumstances and cultural discoursal functions, the transition from physical-actional atmosphere to symbolic and transcendental one is achievable. In fact, the purpose of this research is to study the interactive characteristics of light and color besides demonstrating the place of cultural semio-spheres in Mowlana’s discourse. Our hypothesis is that ontological and phenomenological presence of light saves the discoursal space of color from existential decadence, and places it in the transcendental position. According to this hypothesis, light and color in a colorless atmosphere cause the signification transcendence. In such circumstances, we see our self-integration with the other and the presence of existence where everything changes to a context of aesthetic music of the world spirit.
Volume 6, Issue 4 (2-2017)
Abstract
Volume 6, Issue 8 (9-2021)
Abstract
The tendency of writers to use different colors reflects different psychological reflections in them. The Max Luscher test is one of the best personality tests in psychology. This research was analyzed with the help of Luscher theory and descriptive-analytical method has been used to identify the personalities of Ahmad Matar and Mirzadeh Eshghi. Red with a frequency of 195 is in the first place of Matar poems. According to Luscherchr('39')s theory, Matar is a hard-working person who wants peace. He has close control over his emotional relationships, finds it difficult to trust anyone, and uses colors to express his or her societal discrimination.
In love poems, yellow and white are in the first place with a frequency of 306. The results show that he is looking for an escape route to get out of the difficulties of his society and is very interested in new experiences. He wants to reach a high position and be respected by others, he is never calm and puts pressure on his external environment to achieve his ambitions.
