Toward the Implications of Technology-Based Education and EFL Learners’ Anxiety for Instructions

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری - تحلیلی

نویسندگان
1 Dept of English, Faculty of Modern Languages and Communication, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
2 Dept of Foreign Language, Faculty of Modern Languages and Communication, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
چکیده
Impressive speculation has been made to carry technology to schools and these ventures have for sure brought about a large number of “examples of overcoming adversity”. Nonetheless, there is one critical gap in the instructive purposes of technology that should be addressed. Research shows that although most teachers and students tend to use these tools in teaching language skills, they refuse to do so for fear of using technology tools in the classroom; therefore, to shed light on different aspects of this critical point, the present study reviewed the possible relationship between technology use and students’ fear and anxiety in the literature. The findings of this study showed that teachers and students who have a high level of computer knowledge are less afraid of technology. The findings also showed that another factor of the language learners’ reluctance of using technology is their teachers’ beliefs about the effectiveness of these tools. The results of the present study provide suggestions for training language teachers to educational planners about a more efficient process of language teaching due to the new needs in the use of technology in English language teaching. A significant implication, thusly, is that the training and preparation of teachers and directors ought to turn into a need in creating technology-related proficient turn of events.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


Abe, M. (2021). L2 interactional competence in asynchronous multiparty text-based communication: study of online collaborative writing. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 34(4), 409-433. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2019.1614070
Abeysekera, L., & Dawson, P. (2015). Motivation and cognitive load in the flipped classroom: definition, rationale and a call for research. Higher Education Research & Development, 34(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2014.934336
Al-Obaydi, L. H., Shakki, F., Tawafak, R. M., Pikhart, M., & Ugla, R. L. (2023). What I know, what I want to know, what I learned: Activating EFL college students' cognitive, behavioral, and emotional engagement through structured feedback in an online environment [Original Research]. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1083673
Alalwan, N., Cheng, L., Al-Samarraie, H., Yousef, R., Ibrahim Alzahrani, A., & Sarsam, S. M. (2020). Challenges and Prospects of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Utilization among Primary School Teachers: A Developing Country Perspective. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 66, 100876. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2020.100876
Alavi, S. M., Dashtestani, R., & Mellati, M. (2022). Crisis and changes in learning behaviours: Technology-enhanced assessment in language learning contexts. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 46(4), 461-474. https://doi.org/10.1080/0309877X.2021.1985977
Alraimi, K. M., Zo, H., & Ciganek, A. P. (2015). Understanding the MOOCs continuance: The role of openness and reputation. Computers & Education, 80, 28-38. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2014.08.006
Ayuningtyas, P., Mauludin, L. A., & Prasetyo, G. (2022). Investigating the Anxiety Factors among English for Specific Purposes Students in a Vocational Education setting. Language Related Research, 13(3), 31-54. https://doi.org/10.52547/LRR.13.3.3
Barak, M., Watted, A., & Haick, H. (2016). Motivation to learn in massive open online courses: Examining aspects of language and social engagement. Computers & Education, 94, 49-60. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.11.010
Barrett, A., Pack, A., Guo, Y., & Wang, N. (2023). Technology acceptance model and multi-user virtual reality learning environments for Chinese language education. Interactive Learning Environments, 31(3), 1665-1682. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2020.1855209
Bozkurt, A., & Keefer, J. (2018). Participatory learning culture and community formation in connectivist MOOCs. Interactive Learning Environments, 26(6), 776-788. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2017.1412988
Bustamante, C. (2020). TPACK-based professional development on web 2.0 for Spanish teachers: a case study. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 33(4), 327-352. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2018.1564333
Celce-Murcia, M., Brinton, D. M., & Snow, A. S. (2014). Teaching English as a second or foreign language. Heinle & Heinle, Thomson Learning.
Chang, C.-K. (2010). Acceptability of an asynchronous learning forum on mobile devices. Behaviour & Information Technology, 29(1), 23-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/01449290701806337
Chang, V. (2016). Review and discussion: E-learning for academia and industry. International Journal of Information Management, 36(3), 476-485. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2015.12.007
Chen, I. S. (2017). Work engagement and its antecedents and consequences: A case of lecturers teaching synchronous distance education courses. Computers in Human Behavior, 72, 655-663. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.10.002
Chen, X., Zou, D., Cheng, G., & Xie, H. (2020). Detecting latent topics and trends in educational technologies over four decades using structural topic modeling: A retrospective of all volumes of Computers & Education. Computers & Education, 151, 103855. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2020.103855
Chen, Y.-L. (2016). The Effects of Virtual Reality Learning Environment on Student Cognitive and Linguistic Development. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 25(4), 637-646. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-016-0293-2
Chen, Y.-L., & Hsu, C.-C. (2020). Self-regulated mobile game-based English learning in a virtual reality environment. Computers & Education, 154, 103910. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2020.103910
Correa, M. (2015). Flipping the Foreign Language Classroom and Critical Pedagogies:A (New) Old Trend. Higher Education for the Future, 2(2), 114-125. https://doi.org/10.1177/2347631115584122
Dashtestani, R., & Hojatpanah, S. (2022). Digital literacy of EFL students in a junior high school in Iran: voices of teachers, students and Ministry Directors. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 35(4), 635-665. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2020.1744664
Edwards, S., Henderson, M., Gronn, D., Scott, A., & Mirkhil, M. (2017). Digital disconnect or digital difference? A socio-ecological perspective on young children’s technology use in the home and the early childhood centre. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 26(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/1475939X.2016.1152291
Eryansyah, E., Erlina, E., Fiftinova, F., & NURWENI, A. (2019). EFL Students' Needs of Digital Literacy to Meet the Demands of 21stCentury Skills. Indonesian Research Journal in Education| IRJE, 442-460. https://doi.org/10.22437/irje.v3i2.8297
Galla, C. K. (2016). Indigenous language revitalization, promotion, and education: function of digital technology. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 29(7), 1137-1151. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2016.1166137
Gao, Y., Zeng, G. Wang, Y., Klan, A. & Wang, X. (2022). Exploring educational planning, teacher beliefs, and teacher practices during the pandemic: A study of science and technology-based universities in China. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 903244. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.903244.
Gao, F., Luo, T., & Zhang, K. (2012). Tweeting for learning: A critical analysis of research on microblogging in education published in 2008–2011. British Journal of Educational Technology, 43(5), 783-801. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.2012.01357.x
Garrido-Iñigo, P., & Rodríguez-Moreno, F. (2015). The reality of virtual worlds: pros and cons of their application to foreign language teaching. Interactive Learning Environments, 23(4), 453-470. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2013.788034
Green, J. K., Burrow, M. S., & Carvalho, L. (2020). Designing for Transition: Supporting Teachers and Students Cope with Emergency Remote Education. Postdigital Science and Education, 2(3), 906-922. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-020-00185-6
Greene, J. A., Yu, S. B., & Copeland, D. Z. (2014). Measuring critical components of digital literacy and their relationships with learning. Computers & Education, 76, 55-69. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2014.03.008
Gregersen, T., Macintyre, P. D., & Meza, M. D. (2014). The Motion of Emotion: Idiodynamic Case Studies of Learners' Foreign Language Anxiety. The Modern Language Journal, 98(2), 574-588. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/modl.12084
Hafner, C. A., & Ho, W. Y. J. (2020). Assessing digital multimodal composing in second language writing: Towards a process-based model. Journal of Second Language Writing, 47, 100710. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2020.100710
Hartwick, P. (2018). Investigating research approaches: Classroom-based interaction studies in physical and virtual contexts. ReCALL, 30(2), 161-176. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344017000386
Hockly, N. (2015). Developments in online language learning. ELT Journal, 69(3), 308-313. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccv020
Hsu, T.-C. (2017). Learning English with Augmented Reality: Do learning styles matter? Computers & Education, 106, 137-149. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2016.12.007
Huang, C. L., Luo, Y. F., Yang, S. C., Lu, C. M., & Chen, A.-S. (2020). Influence of Students’ Learning Style, Sense of Presence, and Cognitive Load on Learning Outcomes in an Immersive Virtual Reality Learning Environment. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 58(3), 596-615. https://doi.org/10.1177/0735633119867422
Imlawi, J., Gregg, D., & Karimi, J. (2015). Student engagement in course-based social networks: The impact of instructor credibility and use of communication. Computers & Education, 88, 84-96. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.04.015
Jensen, L., & Konradsen, F. (2018). A review of the use of virtual reality head-mounted displays in education and training. Education and Information Technologies, 23(4), 1515-1529. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-017-9676-0
Kaeophanuek, S., Na-Songkhla, J., & Nilsook, P. (2018). How to enhance digital literacy skills among. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 8(4), 292-297. https://doi.org/doi: 10.18178/ijiet.2018.8.4.1050
Kashada, A., Li, H., & Koshadah, O. (2018). Analysis Approach to Identify Factors Influencing Digital Learning Technology Adoption and Utilization in Developing Countries. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 13(02), pp. 48-59. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v13i02.7399
Kent, C., Laslo, E., & Rafaeli, S. (2016). Interactivity in online discussions and learning outcomes. Computers & Education, 97, 116-128. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.002
Kessler, G., Bikowski, D., & Boggs, J. (2012). Collaborative writing among second language learners in academic web-based projects. Language Learning & Technology, 16(1), 91-109. http://llt.msu.edu/issues/february2012/kesslerbikowskiboggs.pdf
Kim, Y., & Belcher, D. (2020). Multimodal composing and traditional essays: Linguistic performance and learner perceptions. Relc Journal, 51(1), 86-100. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033688220906943
Lander, B. (2015). Lesson study at the foreign language university level in Japan. International Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies, 4(4), 362-382. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLLS-02-2015-0007
Li, C., Ip, H. H. S., Wong, Y. M., & Lam, W. S. (2020). An empirical study on using virtual reality for enhancing the youth's intercultural sensitivity in Hong Kong. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 36(5), 625-635. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12432
Li, L.-Y., & Tsai, C.-C. (2017). Accessing online learning material: Quantitative behavior patterns and their effects on motivation and learning performance. Computers & Education, 114, 286-297. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2017.07.007
Littlejohn, A., Hood, N., Milligan, C., & Mustain, P. (2016). Learning in MOOCs: Motivations and self-regulated learning in MOOCs. The Internet and Higher Education, 29, 40-48. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2015.12.003
Makransky, G., Terkildsen, T. S., & Mayer, R. E. (2019). Adding immersive virtual reality to a science lab simulation causes more presence but less learning. Learning and Instruction, 60, 225-236. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2017.12.007
Mellati, M., Alavi, S. M., & Dashtestani, R. (2022). Reduction of errors in writing assignments: A comparison of the impact of peer, teacher, and mixed feedback Iranian Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 10(4), 152-166. http://journalscmu.sinaweb.net/article_143927_1bff08fc039cf2b5ca201dd1eab1df74.pdf
Mellati, M., Fatemi, M. A., & Motallebzadeh, K. (2013). The relationship between Iranian ELT instructors’ beliefs about language teaching and their practices in real classrooms. English Language Teaching, 6(4), 126-133. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v6n4p126
Mellati, M., & Khademi, M. (2018). Exploring teachers’ assessment literacy: Impact on learners’ writing achievements and implications for teacher development [Research Article]. Australian Journal of Teacher Education (Online), 43(6), 1-18. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/informit.689580391330186
Mellati, M., & Khademi, M. (2020). MOOC-based educational program and interaction in distance education: long life mode of teaching. Interactive Learning Environments, 28(8), 1022-1035. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2018.1553188
Mellati, M., Khademi, M., & Abolhassani, M. (2018). Creative interaction in social networks: Multi-synchronous language learning environments. Education and Information Technologies, 23(5), 2053-2071. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-018-9703-9
Mellati, M., Zangoei, A., & Khademi, M. (2015). Technology integration: EFL learners’ level of anxiety and their performance in writing tests. International Journal of Social Sciences & Education, 5 (2), 240-252.
Mudra, H. (2020). Digital literacy among young learners: How do EFL teachers and learners view its benefits and barriers? Teaching English with Technology, 20(3), 3-24.
Özyurt, Ö., & Özyurt, H. (2015). Learning style based individualized adaptive e-learning environments: Content analysis of the articles published from 2005 to 2014. Computers in Human Behavior, 52, 349-358. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.06.020
Palacios-Hidalgo, F. J., & Huertas-Abril, C. A. (2022). Developing digital literacy in initial EFL teacher education: A study in a Spanish distance university. Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/02680513.2022.2157709
Pang, S., Reinking, D., Hutchison, A., & Ramey, D. (2015). South Korean Teachers’ Perceptions of Integrating Information and Communication Technologies into Literacy Instruction. Education Research International, 2015, 783593. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/783593
Park, B., Knörzer, L., Plass, J. L., & Brünken, R. (2015). Emotional design and positive emotions in multimedia learning: An eyetracking study on the use of anthropomorphisms. Computers & Education, 86, 30-42. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.02.016
Parsazadeh, N., Ali, R., & Rezaei, M. (2018). A framework for cooperative and interactive mobile learning to improve online information evaluation skills. Computers & Education, 120, 75-89. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2018.01.010
Pérez-Escoda, A., García-Ruiz, R., & Aguaded, I. (2019). Dimensions of digital literacy based on five models of development / Dimensiones de la alfabetización digital a partir de cinco modelos de desarrollo. Culture and Education, 31(2), 232-266. https://doi.org/10.1080/11356405.2019.1603274
Pratolo, B. W., & Solikhati, H. A. (2020). The implementation of digital literacy in indonesian suburban EFL classes. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 9(1), 1508-1512.
Pun, J. K., & Curle, S. (2022). The use of technology in English medium education. In The Use of Technology in English Medium Education (pp. 1-9). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99622-2_1
Revesz, A. (2011). Task Complexity, Focus on L2 Constructions, and Individual Differences: A Classroom-Based Study. The Modern Language Journal, 95(s1), 162-181. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2011.01241.x
Shakki, F. (2022). Iranian EFL Students’ L2 Engagement: The Impact of Teacher Support and Teacher-student Rapport. Language Related Research, 13(3), 175-198. https://doi.org/10.52547/lrr.13.3.8
Shanshan, S., & Wenfei, L. (2022). Understanding the impact of quality elements on MOOCs continuance intention. Education and Information Technologies, 27(8), 10949-10976. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11063-y
Sung, H.-Y., Hwang, G.-J., Lin, C.-J., & Hong, T.-W. (2017). Experiencing the Analects of Confucius: An experiential game-based learning approach to promoting students' motivation and conception of learning. Computers & Education, 110, 143-153. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2017.03.014
Tamborg, A. L., Dreyøe, J. M., & Fougt, S. S. (2018). Digital literacy-a qualitative systematic review. Tidsskriftet Læring Og Medier (LOM), 11(19), 29-29. https://doi.org/10.7146/lom.v11i19.103472
Tekinarslan, E. (2008). Computer anxiety: A cross-cultural comparative study of Dutch and Turkish university students. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(4), 1572-1584. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2007.05.011
Teo, T., Khazaie, S., & Derakhshan, A. (2022). Exploring teacher immediacy-(non)dependency in the tutored augmented reality game-assisted flipped classrooms of English for medical purposes comprehension among the Asian students. Computers & Education, 179, 104406. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2021.104406
Viberg, O., & Grönlund, Å. (2017). Understanding students’ learning practices: challenges for design and integration of mobile technology into distance education. Learning, Media and Technology, 42(3), 357-377. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2016.1088869
Wang, Y. (2017). Construction elements and path of practical education model in universities. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology, 13(10): 6775-6782. https://doi.org/10.12973/ejmste/78525.
Wang, Y. (2023). Probing into the boredom of online instruction among Chinese English language teachers during the Covid-19 pandemic. Current Psychology, 43(1):1-15.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-04223-3.
Wang, Y., Pan, Z. W., & Wang, M. Z. (2023). The moderating effect of participation in online learning on EFL teachers’ teaching ability. Heliyon, 9(3)e13890: 1-12. doi: https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13890.
Williams, L., Abraham, L., & Bostelmann, E. D. (2014). A survey-driven study of the use of digital tools for language learning and teaching. Digital literacies in foreign and second language education, 29-67.
Xie, Y., Chen, Y., & Ryder, L. H. (2021). Effects of using mobile-based virtual reality on Chinese L2 students’ oral proficiency. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 34(3), 225-245. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2019.1604551
Yudintseva, A. (2023). Virtual reality affordances for oral communication in English as a second language classroom: A literature review. Computers & Education: X Reality, 2, 100018. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cexr.2023.100018
Zhou, M. (2016). Chinese university students' acceptance of MOOCs: A self-determination perspective. Computers & Education, 92-93, 194-203. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.10.012
Zimmer, W. K., McTigue, E. M., & Matsuda, N. (2021). Development and validation of the teachers’ digital learning identity survey. International Journal of Educational Research, 105, 101717. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101717