تحلیل کنش گفتار و گشتارهای آن در معراج‌نامه‌های فارسی با رویکرد اقتباسی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان
ابراهیم خدایار 1
سمیرا شفیعی 2
1 استاد دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
2 پژوهشگر پسادکتری تربیت مدرس
10.48311/LRR.70901
چکیده
معراج‌نامه‌ها متونی روایی هستند که به طور اخصّ به سیر ملکوتی پیامبر (ص) اطلاق می‌شوند. پدیدآورندگان این متون، آثارشان را با تقلید یا اندکی تغییر از متون متقدّم سروده‌اند. در این مقاله، با رویکرد کنش گفتار سرل و بیش‌متنیّت ژنت، و روش تحلیلی - توصیفی، به بررسی تأثیر و تأثّر ساختاری و زبانیِ معراج‌نامه‌ها می‌پردازیم. فرض بر این است که ارتباط این متون، بیش‌متنی است و راویان متأخّر به صورت آگاهانه در سرودن اشعارشان به راویان متقدّم نظر داشته‌اند. با بررسی 26 پی‌رفت مشابه به این نتیجه رسیدیم که آثار سنایی و خاقانی با 17 شاعر تابع، پیش‌متن سایر متون بوده‌ و سنایی، قوّامی، اخسیکتی و مولانا تابع دیگر شاعران نبوده‌اند. تغییر نسبت به تقلید در شاعران متأخّر بیشتر بوده، گشتار کمّی افزایش از نوع گسترش زیبایی‌شناختی و گشتار کاربردی از نوع کیفی درونی بسامد بالاتری داشته است. متنوّع‌ترین کنش‌های گفتاری از آنِ هلالی و پربسامدترین مربوط به خواجو است. دلایل بسامد بالای کنش‌های گفتاری در پی‌رفت‌های مشابه عبارتند از: بیان جزئیّات، افزودن آرایه و اپیزود کنشی و کنشگران، توصیف، طرح مباحث تعلیمی و اخلاقی، ایجاد تقابل بین دو مفهوم یا شخصیت، گفتگوسازی و استفاده از شخصیت‌های کمکی.
کلیدواژه‌ها
روایت
معراج‌نامه‌ها
اقتباس
کنش گفتار
بیش‌متنیّت
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The analysis of speech act and its transformation in Persian Mirajnamehs based on borrowing approach

نویسندگان English

Ebrahim Khodayar 1
samira shafiee 2
1 Professor of Tarbiat Modares University
2 Tarbiat Modares postdoctoral researcher
چکیده English

Mirajnamehs are narrative poetry that refer specifically to the Ascension of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). The creators of these poetic texts have composed their works by imitating or slightly changing the prior ones. Following the approach of Searle’s speech act and Genet’s hypertextuality, the analytical –descriptive method, and library research tools, this article explores the structural and linguistic interplay of Mirajnamehs. It was hypothesized that the poetic texts were hypertextually connected and the contemporary narrators consciously followed the prior narrators in composing their poems. Examining 26 similar sequences indicated that not only the works of Sanai and Khaqani with 17 subordinate poets were hypotexts of other texts, but also Sanai, Qawwami, Akhsikati and Molana were not subordinate to other poets; moreover, it clarified that contemporary poets had a greater tendency for the change rather than the imitation; in addition, it revealed that the quantitative generative transformation of the aesthetic expansion type as well as the applied transformation of the qualitative internal type had a higher frequency; furthermore, it showed that the most diverse speech acts were those of Helali and the most frequent ones belonged to Khajoo. All things considered, detailing, adding figures of speech and act episodes and actors, description, educational and moral discussions, creating a contrast between two concepts or characters, creating dialogues and using auxiliary characters were the reasons for the high frequency of speech acts in similar sequences.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Narrative
Mirajnamehs
Borrwoing
Speech Act
Hypertextuality
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