Volume 15, Issue 4 (2024)
LRR 2024, 15(4): 169-200 |
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pichan M, hajikhani A. Evaluation of Persian Translations Regarding Quasi-Synonym Words Related to the Concept of Sin in the Qur'an. LRR 2024; 15 (4) :169-200
URL: http://lrr.modares.ac.ir/article-14-56114-en.html
URL: http://lrr.modares.ac.ir/article-14-56114-en.html
1- PhD Student of Quran and Hadith Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2- Associate Professor of Quran and Hadith Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran ,ali.hajikhani@modares.ac.ir
2- Associate Professor of Quran and Hadith Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran ,
Abstract: (3705 Views)
The analysis of the observance of the principle of non-synonymy in the words of the Qur'an in the translation of quasi-synonym words is one of the most prominent criteria for evaluating the work of translators. Among the quasi-synonym words in the divine verses are words related to the concept of sin. Care in translating these words leads to a better understanding of the high teachings of the Qur'an in the three areas of beliefs, rules and ethics. In this regard, this study tries to evaluate the translations of Mr. Moezi, Fooladvand, Ayati, Elahi Qomshei and Ms. Saffarzadeh as representatives of five methods of literal, loyal, semantic translation, interprative and free using a descriptive-analytical method combined with criticism mentioned field. The lack of sufficient attention of translators to the semantic subtlety and the distinction between these words is obvious. Paying attention to the semantic principle proposed for each word that has been described in detail in Philology books will help the translator to translate these words accurately. The results indicate that the exact meaning of these words can be expressed in short and useful words or in the form of explanations in parentheses in semantic, free and interprative methods, but due to the limitation of Persian words, literal methods and loyal are not very efficient in this regard.
1. Introduction
Undoubtedly, the most important step in the translation process, especially in the translation of holy texts, is to transfer the concepts of the source language to the target language with precise words and translations. The importance of this issue is so much that it can be said that in translation criticism, lexical criticism has the first place in the critic's opinion; as critics mainly focus on evaluating the merits and demerits of translations from the point of view of accurately comparing the words and meanings of the source language. One of the most prominent criteria in evaluating the work of Qur'an translators from this point of view is to examine the extent to which they pay attention to the translation of quasi-synonyms and observe the principle of non-synonyms in the words of the Qur'an. Among the quasi-synonym words in the divine verses, there are words related to the concept of sin. So far, little research has been conducted in the field of analysis and evaluation of Persian translations of words related to the concept of sin. Therefore, this article tries to analyze the weak points and strengths of Persian translations in this field with a descriptive-analytical method combined with criticism. In this regard, this research tries to use a descriptive-analytical method combined with criticism and evaluation of the translations of Mr. Moezi, Fooladvand, Ayati, Elahi Qomshei and Ms. Saffarzadeh as representatives of five methods of literal, loyal, semantic translation, interpretive and free using a descriptive-analytical method combined with criticism mentioned field.
Research Questions
Based on what was said, the questions of the present research are as follows: What is the best equivalent for a quasi-synonym related to the concept of sin in the Persian language? What is the most successful translation method regarding the mentioned words?
2. Literature Review
The theoretical framework of the current research can be explained in two parts. Its first foundation is based on the point of view of the absence of synonyms in the words of the Arabic language in general and in the words of the Qur'an in particular. The second theoretical foundation of the current research is based on the "semantic principle" theory. What is meant by the semantic principle in the Qur'anic dictionary is the meaning that has become famous due to the status of the authors and the plurality of usage, and usually, this semantic principle is common among the lexical roots of a word.
3. Methodology
In order to find the answer to the mentioned problems, under each word and firstly, an introduction of the meaning of the words mentioned in the lexicological sources is given, then the examples of the use of the word in the verse are discussed. In the next step, the mentioned word is analyzed in each translation from the mentioned translators and finally, a suitable proposal for translation is presented.
4. Results
Criticism of Persian translations of synonymous words related to the concept of sin in Quranic verses shows that, except in limited cases, a precise distinction between these words is not reflected in the translations, and the translators have not placed a clear picture of the nuances and nuances of the meanings of these words. Although the limitation caused by the essence and nature of the translation process makes it difficult for the translator to choose an exact word for these words, considering the meaning principle of each word explained in the lexicographical books, it is possible to convey the concepts of the Quranic verses. Among the translation methods, literal and loyal methods are not suitable for such an action, because, in these methods, the emphasis is on rendering the meaning of the word without explanation and explanation, while it was mentioned that it is not always possible to find an exact equivalent in Persian language for this words. Therefore, semantic, free, and interpretative methods are more effective in this direction, in such a way that as much as possible and in the form of brief words, the semantic principle of the word is expressed in such a way that the coherence and integrity of the translation are preserved, but if this is not possible, this can be achieved by mentioning explanations in parentheses.
1. Introduction
Undoubtedly, the most important step in the translation process, especially in the translation of holy texts, is to transfer the concepts of the source language to the target language with precise words and translations. The importance of this issue is so much that it can be said that in translation criticism, lexical criticism has the first place in the critic's opinion; as critics mainly focus on evaluating the merits and demerits of translations from the point of view of accurately comparing the words and meanings of the source language. One of the most prominent criteria in evaluating the work of Qur'an translators from this point of view is to examine the extent to which they pay attention to the translation of quasi-synonyms and observe the principle of non-synonyms in the words of the Qur'an. Among the quasi-synonym words in the divine verses, there are words related to the concept of sin. So far, little research has been conducted in the field of analysis and evaluation of Persian translations of words related to the concept of sin. Therefore, this article tries to analyze the weak points and strengths of Persian translations in this field with a descriptive-analytical method combined with criticism. In this regard, this research tries to use a descriptive-analytical method combined with criticism and evaluation of the translations of Mr. Moezi, Fooladvand, Ayati, Elahi Qomshei and Ms. Saffarzadeh as representatives of five methods of literal, loyal, semantic translation, interpretive and free using a descriptive-analytical method combined with criticism mentioned field.
Research Questions
Based on what was said, the questions of the present research are as follows: What is the best equivalent for a quasi-synonym related to the concept of sin in the Persian language? What is the most successful translation method regarding the mentioned words?
2. Literature Review
The theoretical framework of the current research can be explained in two parts. Its first foundation is based on the point of view of the absence of synonyms in the words of the Arabic language in general and in the words of the Qur'an in particular. The second theoretical foundation of the current research is based on the "semantic principle" theory. What is meant by the semantic principle in the Qur'anic dictionary is the meaning that has become famous due to the status of the authors and the plurality of usage, and usually, this semantic principle is common among the lexical roots of a word.
3. Methodology
In order to find the answer to the mentioned problems, under each word and firstly, an introduction of the meaning of the words mentioned in the lexicological sources is given, then the examples of the use of the word in the verse are discussed. In the next step, the mentioned word is analyzed in each translation from the mentioned translators and finally, a suitable proposal for translation is presented.
4. Results
Criticism of Persian translations of synonymous words related to the concept of sin in Quranic verses shows that, except in limited cases, a precise distinction between these words is not reflected in the translations, and the translators have not placed a clear picture of the nuances and nuances of the meanings of these words. Although the limitation caused by the essence and nature of the translation process makes it difficult for the translator to choose an exact word for these words, considering the meaning principle of each word explained in the lexicographical books, it is possible to convey the concepts of the Quranic verses. Among the translation methods, literal and loyal methods are not suitable for such an action, because, in these methods, the emphasis is on rendering the meaning of the word without explanation and explanation, while it was mentioned that it is not always possible to find an exact equivalent in Persian language for this words. Therefore, semantic, free, and interpretative methods are more effective in this direction, in such a way that as much as possible and in the form of brief words, the semantic principle of the word is expressed in such a way that the coherence and integrity of the translation are preserved, but if this is not possible, this can be achieved by mentioning explanations in parentheses.
Keywords: Quasi-synonym words, Sin Terminology, Translation Criticism, Translation Methods, Synonyms.
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