Analyzing Paratopy in the Critical Discourse Analysis of Abdol-Hussein Zarrinkoub and Louis Massignon; the Narrative of Hallaj from the Flame of Tour to the Passions of Hallaj

Document Type : مقالات علمی پژوهشی

Authors
F. Alavi 1
S. Saeedi 2
1 Ph.D. Department of French Language and Literature- Faculty of Foreign Languages and Literatures- Tehran University- Tehran Iran.
2 Ph.D Candidate in French Language and Literature, Faculty of Foreign Languages and Literatures- Tehran University- Tehran- Iran.
Abstract
By presenting the concept of Paratopy, Dominique Maingueneau gives a new definition of the relationships between text, author, and society in the analysis of literary discourse. According to Maingueneau, the creation of a literary text cannot solely be result and locus of the author's conflict with his/her society but are the consequences of the writer's presence in his/her context called Paratopy. According to him, paratopy is an essential condition for emergence of a literary text and the literary creation is a necessary criterion for paratopy's existence. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the paratopy's effect in literary discourse of two writers whom both narrated the same individual's life. Considering the importance of Hallaj in the field of Islamic mysticism, he has been constantly subject of many works. To clarify Hallaj's teachings and claims, the writers have also created narratives, describing his life. Louis Massignon and Abdul-Hussein Zarrinkoub in two works: The Passions of Hallaj and The Flames of Tour, despite using the same sources, as well as a relative agreement on the rightfulness of this Muslim mystic, have offered a rather different discourse of Hallaj's life. Understanding the reason for the attention of these two outstanding authors despite their different ideological backgrounds and approaches to historiography, as well as the differences between narrative and discourse of the two texts are questions that the authors have tried to answer. Therefore, with emphasis on Maingueneau's theories in this study, the authors examined the paratopy of the two writers and its manifestation in the two mentioned literary discourses in order to understand the genesis conditions of the two works, and also, through understanding their differences, come to a clearer reading of them.

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Language Related Research
Volume 10, Issue 4 - Serial Number 52
September and October 2019
Pages 91-111